Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in the chemical processing industry  The process of making sulfuric acid can vary, but any company dealing with the manufacturing process has a high potential for the use of a fluoropolymer heat exchanger in their process. Other acids commonly requiring fluoropolymer heat exchangers are hydrochloric, nitric, and hydrofluoric acids. In another chemical manufacturing industry, fluoropolymer heat exchangers are used in the Chlor-alkali manufacturing process.